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Book review: The old man and the sea.

  The Old Man and the Sea    Introduction The Old Man and the Sea, written by American author Ernest Hemingway in 1952, is one of the most celebrated works of modern literature. This short novel earned Hemingway the Pulitzer Prize in 1953 and also contributed to him receiving the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1954. It is a timeless story that blends simplicity of narrative with deep philosophical meaning. Summary of the Story The novel tells the tale of Santiago, an old Cuban fisherman who has gone 84 days without catching a fish. People around him see him as unlucky, but he still holds on to hope and determination. On the 85th day, he sails far into the Gulf Stream and hooks a giant marlin. A fierce struggle between man and nature begins as Santiago battles with the fish for days. Though he finally kills the marlin, sharks attack and eat most of it before he can return to shore. In the end, Santiago comes back exhausted, with only the skeleton of the fish, but his courag...

Foundation of IKS

 1. Meaning Indian Poetics, also known as Kāvya-śāstra, is the traditional Indian science of literary theory and criticism. It studies the nature of poetry, its purpose, its artistic beauty, and its impact on the reader or audience. Unlike Western poetics which often emphasizes form and imitation, Indian Poetics mainly focuses on the aesthetic experience (Rasa)—the emotional and spiritual delight that literature creates. 2. Scope The scope of Indian Poetics is very wide. It covers: 1. The Nature of Poetry (Kāvya):  What makes a work a piece of true literature. 2. The Poet (Kavi): The qualities of an ideal poet and the role of imagination and creativity. 3. The Poem (Kāvya-rūpa): Different styles, structures, figures of speech (Alankāras), and poetic devices. 4. The Audience (Sahridaya): The sensitive reader or listener who experiences the beauty of poetry. 5. The Purpose: Not only entertainment but also refinement of emotions (śikṣaṇa), moral upliftment, and sometimes spir...

Expressionism

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  Introduction: Expressionism is an early 20th-century artistic and literary movement that focuses on expressing deep inner emotions and psychological states rather than realistic appearances.Expressionism is a modernist movement that began in Northern Europe, mainly Germany. It appears in poetry, painting, and other arts. Instead of showing the world realistically, it focuses on subjective emotions and inner experiences. Expressionist artists express feelings through bold colors, distorted forms, and intense language to show fear, anger, or isolation. Definition:  Expressionism is a modernist art and literary movement that emphasizes inner emotions and subjective experience over realistic representation. Etymology and history of Expressionism: Etymology:  The word "Expressionism" comes from the word "express", meaning to show or reveal inner feelings.It is derived from the Latin word "exprimere", meaning "to press out" or "to express"....

Symbols in othello play

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  There are 6 symbols in othello play : 1. The Willow song  2. Handkerchief  3. Animals  4. Candle  5. Dream 6. Garden    Here is details information of all the symbols: 1. The Willow song  :  The Willow Song symbolizes lamentation,grief, betrayal, and the tragic destiny of innocent women, particularly Desdemona, highlighting her emotional pain and foreshadowing her death. 2. Handkerchief : In Othello, the handkerchief symbolizes love, trust, and fidelity. It is the first gift Othello gives to Desdemona, representing his deep affection and the bond between them. However, when the handkerchief is lost and ends up in Cassio’s possession through Iago’s manipulation, it becomes a symbol of betrayal and infidelity. Othello sees it as proof of Desdemona’s unfaithfulness, which fuels his jealousy and leads to the tragic downfall. Thus, the handkerchief plays a central role in the plot and reflects how a small token can carry great emotional weight ...